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Sociology- The Discipline

SOCIOLOGY speaks about all institutions.  The scope of sociology throw light on any issues.
"Necessity is the mother of invention"
Necessity to emerge sociology is caused by social condition in Europe.
Social conditions changes due to modernity.  To study the nature and predict the social change, SOCIOLOGY is needed.  Without Social change, the emergence of sociology is doubtful

SOCIAL CONDITION + MODERNITY = SOCIOLOGY

MODERNITY AND SOCIAL CONDITION IN EUROPE

GREEK PHILOSPHERS 


Born out of 
                   1.INTELLECTUAL INPUTS
                   2.WORLD REVOLUTION
                   3.REACTIONS TO MODERNITY

SOCIOLOGY is the scientific study of society.
Greek philosophers spokes about new society
They wrote about nature, importance, desirability of new society

AUGUST COMTE, Father of Sociology "TO KNOW, TO PREDICT, TO CONTROL"
Positivist such as August Comte and Saint Simon wants to create sociology as a distinctive science
Sociology is considered as separate subject and its scope is to study society.
   
                                                          Law of three stages

DARK AGE                  RENAISSANCE      ENLIGHTENMENT
THEOLOGICAL          METAPHYSICAL    SCIENTIFIC
RELIGION                   DEBATABLE           SCIENCE


Saint Simon concept called Industrial society.  Industries would be the primary contribution to the economy.  The new Industrial society will emerge.

1.GREEK PHILOSOPHERS

a. SOCRATES  fundamentals of virtue eg. Love, Morality, Courage, Friendship

b.  PLATO student of Socrates.  Ideas of Socrates published by Plato in the form of dialectics.
                   Dialectics is a mature method to elicit knowledge.  
                    Plato wrote books like Statesman, Republic.
                     Quote : Philosophy begins in wonder

Tripartite Personality structure
                       Philosophers      Knowledge           Wisdom
                        Warrior              Emotions              Bravery
                        Trader                Appetite               Temperance

        According to Plato,  Society will ruled by a Philosopher King.  In the name of democracy, there is only confusion.  To weed out chaos and confusion,  Country must ruled by a Philosopher King provide good governance and distributes equal Justice

c.  ARISTOTLE
                     Quote "Man is a Social animal"
        Man has no control.  Law should be written to constrain an individual


        He believes that various forms of governance such as Aristocracy, Democracy moves in a cyclic order.  There is no single form of governance which suits the best for governance.            

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