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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in EUROPE

Emergence and Background

With the advent of geographical discoveries and direct sea routes opened new avenues of trade and commerce.  It formed the basis of Industrial revolution.

Economic progress through trade and commerce with increasing production of goods aided by technology and scientific inventions enhancing productions

The another factors were emergence of Capitalist ideology(maximisation of profit) and easy modes of transportation.

Factory production as a new mode of production to meet demand and supply gap

Colonial quests led to discoveries of new cheap sources of raw materials and finding new markets for finished goods produced in Europe.

Faster means of communication, commodification of labour, development of new source energy like coal, durable materials like steel were the other supporting factors for the rise of Industrial revolution

'PROFUNDITY OF CHANGE'



  1. Development of Science and Technology
  2. Flourished Trade and Commerce
  3. Development of cities
  4. Migration in search of employment
  5. Specific training to migrants(Apprenticeship)
  6. Putting out System
  7. Factory system
  8. Emergence of Capitalism
SOCIAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

  • Industrial society creates two classes of society
                       1.Bourgeois                                        (Owner)                                                                                            2. Proletariat                                        (Worker)


  •  Bourgeois involved in Conspicuous consumption.  On the other hand, Proletariat suffer from mass poverty, epidemic disease, starvation, malnutrition

            " Conflict is precondition for change" - Karl Marx

  •   Capitalism intensify class divide which results in social turbulence.  
Every transformation will necessarily present a challenge.  Industrial revolution caused Modernisation with Capitalism spreading Inequality with uneven distribution of profit.

To study the changes caused by Industrial Revolution in Europe,  Sociology is needed.

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